Mẹo Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Thủ Thuật Hướng dẫn Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? Chi Tiết

Lê Khánh Vy đang tìm kiếm từ khóa Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? được Cập Nhật vào lúc : 2022-11-19 17:10:08 . Với phương châm chia sẻ Kinh Nghiệm về trong nội dung bài viết một cách Chi Tiết 2022. Nếu sau khi tham khảo tài liệu vẫn ko hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại Comments ở cuối bài để Tác giả lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha.

Nội dung chính Show
    Which definition most accurately describes Systems thinking?What is the definition of a system quizlet?Which four elements are included in Systems thinking?What is the difference between the CIO and CDO of an organization quizlet?
Recommended textbook solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Numerical Analysis

9th EditionJ. Douglas Faires, Richard L. Burden

873 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Elementary Number Theory

7th EditionDavid Burton

776 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Introduction to Real Analysis

4th EditionDonald R. Sherbert, Robert G. Bartle

842 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

组合数学

5th EditionRichard A. Brualdi

685 solutions

Recommended textbook solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric

2nd EditionLawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses

661 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking

1st EditionCarol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses

1,697 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Technical Writing for Success

3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson

468 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Technical Writing for Success

3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson

468 solutions

trang chủ

Subjects

Expert solutions

Create

Log in

Sign up

Upgrade to remove ads

Only SGD 41.99/year

    Flashcards

    Learn

    Test

    Match

    Flashcards

    Learn

    Test

    Match

Terms in this set (123)

Geoeconomic

Geographic and economic business challenges

What is a method or system of government for management or control?

Governance

What is the act of conforming, acquiescing, or yielding?

Compliance

Which of the following represents the five focus areas from the IT Governance Institute?

Strategic alignment, risk management, performance measures, resource management, value delivery

What is a set of guidelines and supporting tools for IT governance that is accepted worldwide and generally used by auditors and companies as a way to integrate technology to implement controls and meet specific business objectives?

CoBIT Information Systems Audit and Control Association

What is a framework provided by the government of the United Kingdom and offers eight sets of management procedures?

Information Technology Infrastructure Library

What is key for evaluating internal controls such as human resources, logistics, information technology, risk, legal, marketing and sales, operations, financial functions, procurement, and reporting?

Committee of Sponsoring Organizations

What is a process improvement approach that contains 22 process areas created by a group from government, industry, and Carnegie Mellon's Software Engineering Institute?

Capability Maturity Model Integration Method

What is an enterprise architecture?

Includes the plans for how an organization will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and IT assets.

T/F? Transborder data flows occur when an organization moves employees outside its firewall, a growing movement to change the way corporations address technology security.

False

T/F? The information age is the present time, during which infinite quantities of facts are widely available to anyone who can use a computer.

True

T/F? An overview of systems thinking includes input, process, output, and finances.

False

T/F? Three key resources - people, information, and information technology (in that order of priority) - are inextricably linked. If one fails, they all fail.

True

Which of the following is considered information?

Best-selling item by month

Cheryl Steffan is the operations manager for Nature's Bread Company, which specializes in providing natural products for health-conscious individuals. Cheryl is responsible for compiling, analyzing, and evaluating daily sales numbers to determine the company's profitability and forecast production for the next day. Which of the following is an example of a piece of data Cheryl would be using to successfully perform her job?

Craig Newmark customer number is 15467.

Business intelligence is information collected from multiple sources. Which of the following provides an example of a source that would be included in business intelligence

All of these.

What is the key term that defines the confirmation or validation of an sự kiện or object?

Fact

How are the majority of companies today typically organized?

By departments or functional areas.

How does the text recommend that a company operate if it wants to be successful in the information age?

Interdependently between departments.

MIS is a business function. Which of the following does MIS perform to help aid the company in decision making and problem solving?

All of these.

Which of the following represents the department that maintains policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees?

Human Resources.

Greg works for Geneva Steel Corporation. Greg's duties include managing the overall processes for the company and transforming the steel resources into goods. Which department would Greg most likely work in?

Operations Manager.

The department within a company that records, measures, and reports monetary transactions is called _______________.

accounting

What is the name of a company's internal MIS department?

All of these

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of systems thinking?

A way of monitoring the entire system by viewing multiple inputs being processed or transformed to produce outputs, while continuously gathering feedback on each part.

Which of the following represents the five focus areas from the IT Governance Institute?

Strategic alignment, risk management, performance measures, resource management, value delivery are the five focus areas from the IT Governance Institute.

What is a set of guidelines and supporting tools for IT governance that is accepted worldwide and generally used by auditors and companies as a way to integrate technology to implement controls and meet specific business objectives?

CoBIT Information Systems Audit and Control Association is a set of guidelines and supporting tools for IT governance that is accepted worldwide and generally used by auditors and companies as a way to integrate technology to implement controls and meet specific business objectives.

What is a framework provided by the government of the United Kingdom and offers eight sets of management procedures?

ITIL is a framework provided by the government of the United Kingdom and offers eight sets of management procedures.

What is key for evaluating internal controls such as human resources, logistics, information technology, risk, legal, marketing and sales, operations, financial functions, procurement, and reporting?

COSO is key for evaluating internal controls such as human resources, logistics, information technology, risk, legal, marketing and sales, operations, financial functions, procurement, and reporting.

What is a process improvement approach that contains 22 process areas created by a group from government, industry, and Carnegie Mellon's Software Engineering Institute?

CMMI is a process improvement approach that contains 22 process areas created by a group from government, industry, and Carnegie Mellon's Software Engineering Institute.

What is an enterprise architecture?

Enterprise architecture includes the plans for how an organization will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and IT assets.

Transborder data flows occur when an organization moves employees outside its firewall, a growing movement to change the way corporations address technology security.

Deperimeterization occurs when an organization moves employees outside its firewall, a growing movement to change the way corporations address technology security.

T/F? The information age is the present time, during which infinite quantities of facts are widely available to anyone who can use a computer

True

T/F? An overview of systems thinking includes input, process, output, and feedback.

True

T/F? Three key resources - people, information, and information technology (in that order of priority) - are inextricably linked. If one fails, they all fail.

True

Which of the following is considered information?

Best-selling item by month is information.

Cheryl Steffan is the operations manager for Nature's Bread Company, which specializes in providing natural products for health-conscious individuals. Cheryl is responsible for compiling, analyzing, and evaluating daily sales numbers to determine the company's profitability and forecast production for the next day. Which of the following is an example of a piece of data Cheryl would be using to successfully perform her job?

Data are raw facts that describe the characteristics of an sự kiện or object. Data for Cheryl would include 'Craig Newmark customer number is 15467'.

Business intelligence is information collected from multiple sources. Which of the following provides an example of a source that would be included in business intelligence?

Business Intelligence is information collected from multiple sources such as suppliers, customers, competitors, partners, and industries that analyzes patterns, trends, and relationships for strategic decision making.

Which of the below is the key term that defines the confirmation or validation of an sự kiện or object?

A fact is the confirmation or validation of an sự kiện or object.

How are the majority of companies today typically organized?

Companies today are typically organized by departments or functional areas.

How does the text recommend that a company operate if it wants to be successful in the information age?

For companies to operate as a whole and be successful in our current business environment, they must operate interdependently between departments.

MIS is a business function. Which of the following does MIS perform to help aid the company in decision making and problem solving?

MIS is a business function, which moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate decision making and problem solving.

Which of the following represents the department that maintains policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees?

Human resources maintains policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees.

Greg works for Geneva Steel Corporation. Greg's duties include managing the overall processes for the company and transforming the steel resources into goods. Which department would Greg most likely work in?

Operations management manages the process of converting or transforming resources into goods or services.

The department within a company that records, measures, and reports monetary transactions is called _______________.

Accounting

What is the name of a company's internal MIS department?

Typical organizations have an internal MIS department, often called Information Technology (IT), Information Systems (IS), or Management Information Systems (MIS).

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of systems thinking?

Systems thinking is a way of monitoring the entire system by viewing multiple inputs being processed or transformed to produce outputs, while continuously gathering feedback on each part.

T/F? When a company is the first to market with a competitive advantage, it gains a particular benefit known as a first-mover advantage.

True

T/F? Two ways to reduce buyer power are through switching costs and loyalty programs.

True

T/F? Supplier power is one of Porter's five forces, and it measures the suppliers' ability to influence the prices they charge for supplies (including materials, labor, and services).

True

T/F? Value chain analysis views a firm as a series of business processes that each add value to the product or service.

True

What is a competitive advantage?

The definition is a feature of a product or service on which customers place a greater value than on similar offerings from competitors.

All of the following are common tools used in industry to analyze and develop competitive advantages, except:

A competitive analysis model is not discussed in this text.

The Victory Wireless store in Denver is currently offering a fabulous marketing strategy for potential new iPhone customers. Victory Wireless offers customers who purchase an iPhone with a two-year subscription a không lấy phí OtterBox phone case, car charger, ear phones, and speakers. In terms of Porter's Five Forces, what is Victory Wireless attempting to achieve with this marketing strategy?

Victory Wireless is attempting to decrease buyer power by offering products a lower price or competing on price.

Kevin Campbell is an incoming freshman your college. Kevin is frustrated by the cost of books, tuition, and expenses, and he also needs to purchase a rather expensive máy tính. In an effort to save money, Kevin begins a Meta group finding other college students who need to purchase laptops. Soon, Kevin's Meta group has close to 100,000 students. Kevin decides to collectively approach different computer companies to see if his group qualifies for a special discount. What business strategy is Kevin using to purchase laptops?

Buyer power is one of Porter's Five Forces, which measures the ability of buyers to affect the price they must pay for an item. Kevin's group is attempting to increase their buyer power.

What includes all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in obtaining raw materials or a product?

The supply chain includes all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in obtaining raw materials or a product.

What is one of the most common ways a company can decrease supplier power?

Using MIS to find alternative products is one way of decreasing supplier power.

How can a company reduce the threat of substitute products or services?

One way a company can reduce the threat of substitute products or services is to offer additional value through wider product distribution.

Which of the following represents a typical supply chain?

A traditional business supply chain operates like this: supplier - company - customers.

Your boss, Ty Jacob, has asked you to analyze the music industry using Porter's Five Forces Model. Which of the following represents buyer power in the music industry?

Buyer power in the music industry includes Walmart, Target, and iTunes, which purchase music from record labels to sell online and in their stores.

According to Porter's three generic strategies for entering a market, if you have a focused strategy what market should you target?

According to Porter's three generic strategies for entering a market, if you have a focused strategy you should target a narrow market, niche market, or a unique market.

Jennifer Bloom is writing a paper and she must determine which of Porter's three generic strategies The Museum Company has implemented. Jennifer finds out that The Museum Company offers specialty products found only in museums around the world to affluent customers. What would Jennifer determine The Museum Company is using as its generic strategy?

The Museum Company competes using a narrow market and high cost focus.

Which of the following demonstrates a company that has implemented a low-cost, broad-market strategy?

Walmart competes by offering a broad range of products low prices. Its business strategy is to be the low-cost provider of goods for the cost-conscious consumer.

According to Porter's value chain analysis, which of the following provides customer support after the sale of goods and services?

The service activity within the primary value activities will provide customer support after the sale of goods and services.

Which of the following represents procurement as part of the support value activities in a value chain analysis?

Procurement is the part of the support value activities which purchases inputs, such as raw materials, resources, equipment, and supplies.

What is a standardized set of activities that accomplishes a specific task?

A business process is a standardized set of activities that accomplishes a specific task.

Which of the following analyzes a company's business processes and is useful for determining how to create the greatest possible value for customers?

Value chain analysis views a firm as a series of business processes that each add value to the product or service.

MIS can add value to both primary activities and support activities in the value chain. Which of the following is not an example of a company adding value by using MIS in a primary activity?

MIS can add value to both primary and support activities within a business. All are primary activities except Scottrade Corp. creating an online system for employees to track paychecks, benefits, their wellness-rewards program, and other employee benefit items. This is a support value activity.

Which of the following is incorrect?

...

T/F? Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program to enter, manipulate, calculate, and chart data

True

T/F? A composition tries to collect different types of information that make up a whole and display them together.

False

Which of the following is a comparison chart that will best display sales trends for a product over a period of time?

Line charts are used to track changes over short and long periods of time. When smaller changes exist, line charts are better to use than bar charts. Line charts can also be used to compare changes over the same period of time for more than one group.

Which of the following tries to collect different types of information that make up a whole and display them together?

Pie charts are best to use when you are trying to compare parts of a whole. They do not show changes over time.

T/F? Disintermediation occurs when a business sells direct to the customer online and cuts out the intermediary.

True

T/F? Sustaining technology tends to provide us with better, faster, and cheaper products.

True

Which of the following terms implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction?

Digital Darwinism implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction.

Which of the following produces an improved product, customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive?

Sustaining technology produces an improved product customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive.

What is the difference between ecommerce and ebusiness?

Ecommerce is the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet and refers only to online transactions. Ebusiness includes ecommerce along with all activities related to internal and external business operations, such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating with partners, and exchanging real-time information.

Many social truyền thông sites today allow you to customize your web address, for example, www.facebook.com/Womenwithdrive. What is an alternate name for a web address such as www.apple.com?

Many social truyền thông sites today allow you to customize your web address, for example, www.facebook.com/Womenwithdrive. This address is also called a universal resource locator (URL).

What measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all over the world?

Information reach measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all over the world.

What is the ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications?

This is the definition of mass customization.

Which of the below would not be considered a company operating in the long tail of a typical sales curve?

Niche markets that are excellent examples of long tail sales include Netflix, Amazon, Zappos, and iTunes.

Amazon creates a unique recommendation listing for each customer that revisits its website. How would you classify Amazon's ebusiness strategy?

Amazon uses personalization to create unique recommendations for each customer.

What is the best way to measure a company's ebusiness success?

The best way to measure a company's ebusiness success is by using different effective MIS metrics, such as interactivity and clickstream data.

What is the business strategy that lets a company shorten the order process and add value with reduced costs or a more responsive and efficient service, and occurs when a business sells directly to the customer online?

This is the definition of disintermediation.

Which of the following is an example of a clickstream data metric?

Examples of clickstream data metrics include (1) number of page views, (2) pattern of websites visited, including most frequent exit page and prior website, (3) length of stay on the website, (4) dates and times of visits, (5) number of registrations filled out per 100 visitors, (6) number of abandoned registrations, (7) demographics of registered visitors, (8) number of customers with shopping carts, and (9) number of abandoned shopping carts.

What is information richness?

The depth and breadth of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio, or video information.

What refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness, including comparison-shopping sites such as Kelkoo and bank account aggregation services such as Citibank?

This is the definition of cybermeditation.

Websites sometimes deposit on a customer's hard drive a small file containing information about the customer and the customer's web activities. What is that small file called?

This is the definition of a cookie.

What occurs when a new radical form of business enters the market that reshapes the way companies and organizations behave?

This is the definition of paradigm shift.

T/F? Business process management (BPM) integrates all of an organization's business process to make individual processes more efficient. BPM can be used to solve a single glitch or to create one unifying system to consolidate a myriad of processes.

True

What is a business process?

The definition of business process is a standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task

What is the continuous process improvement model?

The definition of continuous process improvement model is the attempts to understand and measure the current process, and make performance improvements accordingly.

Which of the following is one of the important characteristics of business processes?

Processes are cross-departmental.

What is the analysis and redesign of workflow within and between enterprises?

This is the definition of business process reengineering.

What attempts to understand and measure the current process, and make performance improvements accordingly?

This is the definition of continuous process improvement model.

Business process modeling (or mapping) is the activity of creating a detailed flow chart or process map of a work process showing:

Business process modeling (or mapping) is the activity of creating a detailed flow chart or process map of a work process showing its inputs, tasks, and activities in a structured sequence.

Which of the following represent the managerial approach to reengineering projects?

Define the scope, analyze, evaluate, plan, approve, and execute is the managerial approach to reengineering projects.

What is a technique used to divide an information set into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible?

This is the definition of cluster analysis.

What reveals the degree to which variables are related and the nature and frequency of these relationships in the information?

This is the definition of association detection.

Which of the following represents market basket analysis?

Market basket analysis: analyzes website information, analyzes checkout scanner information, and detects customers' buying behavior

What are forecasts?

The definition of forecast is predictions made on the basis of time-series information.

Which type of BI conducts short-term analysis to achieve strategic goals?

This is tactical BI.

Which form of BI uses real-time metrics for its data?

Operational BI uses real-time metrics for its data

What is data latency?

Data latency is the time duration to make data ready for analysis and loading the data into the database.

What is analysis latency?

Analysis latency is the time from which data are made available to the time when analysis is complete.

What is decision latency?

Decision latency is the time it takes a human to comprehend the analytic result and determine an appropriate action.

Which of the following is one of the four main categories of BI benefits?

Unpredictable benefits and intangible benefits are the two other categories of BI benefits.

What is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements?

This is the definition of project management.

What is a project?

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

What is a project manager?

A project manager is an individual who is an expert in project planning and management.

Which of the following is a business-related consequence of successful software?

Increased revenues is a consequence of software success.

Which of the following is a business-related consequence of software failure?

Decreased productivity, Damage to brand reputation, and Incurred liabilities are consequences of software failure.

What is the systems development life cycle?

The SDLC is the overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance.

What is the overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance?

This is the definition of the SDLC.

Which of the following represents the phases in the SDLC?

Plan, analyze, design, develop, test, implement, maintain is the SDLC order.

What is the analysis phase in the SDLC?

This is the definition of the analysis phase. Involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system.

Which phase of the SDLC gathers business requirements?

Analysis phase gathers business requirements.

What is the design phase in the SDLC?

Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system.

What is the implementation phase in the SDLC?

Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system.

T/F? Preventing liabilities is a business-related consequence of successful software.

True

T/F? The development phase involves taking all of the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforming them into the actual system.

True

T/F? PMI stands for the Project Management Institute.

True

Students also viewed

Final Practice

50 terms

alyssa_cunningham38

IS 290 EXAM#4 BP12

15 terms

THOMPSONLY

CIS - Chapter 1 Part 2

25 terms

Dorian_Ortega3

GB-310 BP B11 Gloabal Info. Sys.

11 terms

MarioJMazzone

Sets found in the same thư mục

MIS CH 1

31 terms

gwilliamss

MINS 301 Ch. 1 Vocab

45 terms

ejossey

IS 290 Ch. 1

15 terms

kalapg

Chapter 1

15 terms

JersonPerez

Other sets by this creator

MGMT 451: Chapter 5

37 terms

bmcdon11

MGMT 451: Chapter 1

24 terms

bmcdon11

MGMT 412: (Unearned) Privilege

7 terms

bmcdon11

MGMT 412: Culture

25 terms

bmcdon11

Verified questions

applied math

If a monopolist produces q units, she can charge 100 – 4q dollars/unit. The fixed cost of production is $50, and the variable per-unit cost is$2. How can the monopolist maximize profits? If a sales tax of $2/unit must be paid by the monopolist, then would she increase or decrease production?

Verified answer

applied math

Consider the quotient space X obtained from two polygonal regions by means of the labelling scheme $w_1=a c b c^-1$ and $w_2=c d b a^-1 d$. (a) If one pastes these regions together along the edges labelled "a," one can represent X as the quotient space of a single 7-sided region P. What is a labelling scheme for What sequence of elementary operations is involved in obtaining this scheme? (b) Repeat (a), pasting along the edges labelled "b". (C) Explain why one cannot paste along the edges labelled "c" to obtain the scheme $a c b d b a^-1 d$ as a way of representing X.

Verified answer

applied math

Unless explicity stated, $alpha: mathrmI rightarrow mathrmR^3$ is a curve parametrized by arc length s, with curvature $mathrmk(mathrms) neq 0,$ for all $mathrms in mathrmI$. Let $alpha:(a, b) rightarrow R^2$ be a regular parametrized plane curve. Assume that there exists $t_0, a

Verified answer

applied math

Write each of the following sets by listing their elements between braces. $x in mathbbZ:$

Verified answer

Recommended textbook solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Numerical Analysis

9th EditionJ. Douglas Faires, Richard L. Burden

873 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Numerical Analysis

2nd EditionTimothy Sauer

385 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Teoria Elementar Dos Números

7th EditionDavid Burton

776 solutions

Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Numerical Analysis

3rd EditionTimothy Sauer

383 solutions

Other Quizlet sets

IS 441 Final

144 terms

annemack18

MIS 309 Ch. 10 T or F

51 terms

F_Crannne

416 Chapter 1 Vocab

42 terms

acantando4

IAP301 - Ch08

40 terms

quizlette4729475

Which definition most accurately describes Systems thinking?

Systems thinking is a holistic approach to analysis that focuses on the way that a system's constituent parts interrelate and how systems work over time and within the context of larger systems.

What is the definition of a system quizlet?

what is a system? 1) A system is an organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole. 2) different parts of a living thing work together so that living thing can survive.

Which four elements are included in Systems thinking?

Which four elements are included in systems thinking? Input, Process, Output, and Feedback.

What is the difference between the CIO and CDO of an organization quizlet?

The difference between the CIO and CDO is that the CIO is responsible for the information systems through which data is stored and processed, while the CDO is responsible for the data, regardless of the information system. Tải thêm tài liệu liên quan đến nội dung bài viết Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Review Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? ?

Bạn vừa Read Post Với Một số hướng dẫn một cách rõ ràng hơn về Video Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? tiên tiến nhất

Share Link Tải Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? miễn phí

Bạn đang tìm một số trong những Chia SẻLink Download Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? miễn phí.

Thảo Luận thắc mắc về Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet?

Nếu sau khi đọc nội dung bài viết Which of the following provides an accurate definition of Systems thinking quizlet? vẫn chưa hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại phản hồi ở cuối bài để Tác giả lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha #accurate #definition #Systems #thinking #quizlet