Review What is the name of the physical processing of environmental stimuli by the sense organs?
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Lã Hiền Minh đang tìm kiếm từ khóa What is the name of the physical processing of environmental stimuli by the sense organs? được Cập Nhật vào lúc : 2022-10-26 02:36:03 . Với phương châm chia sẻ Mẹo Hướng dẫn trong nội dung bài viết một cách Chi Tiết 2022. Nếu sau khi Read nội dung bài viết vẫn ko hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại phản hồi ở cuối bài để Mình lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha.Imagine sitting in a coffee shop. What do you think about when you imagine it? The smell and taste of coffee? The sounds of the music and people? Now try and imagine a world without sensations or perceptions. You walk into the coffee shop, and what you can smell, taste, hear, see or feel?
Nội dung chính Show- Compare and Contrast Sensation and PerceptionSensation and Perception ExamplesAudition (hearing)Sensation and Perception in PsychologySensation and Perception DisordersSensory processing disordersSensory organ disordersFactors affecting our sensation and perceptionSensation and Perception - Key takeawaysWhat is the process of detecting stimuli in the environment called?What is the physical stimulus that audition hearing detects?What is the ability to sense pain called?When physical stimuli from the world outside of our body toàn thân is translated into a form that our brain can interpret this process is called?
Sensation and perception are our keys to understanding and experiencing the world around us.
- What are sensation and perception?What are examples of sensation and perception?What are disorders that affect sensation and perception?What are factors that impact our sensation and
perception?
Compare and Contrast Sensation and Perception
To compare and contrast sensation and perception, we must first define these two terms.
A sensation is the reaction of a sensing organ to a source of physical energy or stimuli (Feldman, 2022).
Perception is the organizing, interpreting, analysis, and understanding of the stimuli by the sense organs and the brain (Feldman, 2022).
In other words, to sense something means that a stimulus has activated one of your sensing organs. On the other hand, your brain has to take that sensation and make sense of it to perceive something. Sensation and perception are not entirely dissimilar, you need one for the other, and both are involved in the process of seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling. Your sensing is only as good as the organ doing it. If you have a lazy eye, you cannot sense as well as someone with two good working eyes. However, you still might be able to perceive well thanks to your brain using vision from the good eye and making sense of the stimuli anyway.
Sensation and Perception Examples
Examples of sensation and perception include hearing, vision, smell, taste, and touch. But we also know that we can differentiate even beyond those five into more specific senses. For example, touch includes more sensations like pain, itching, and burning, while taste includes sensations like sour and sweet, etc.
Fg. 1 Woman smelling flowers, Pexels.com
Audition (hearing)
Our ears act as sensory organs and detect air pressure or sound waves. The height of a sound wave determines the loudness, while the length determines the pitch. Our brain then helps us process the sound waves into a recognizable or unrecognizable sound, such as knowing a mother's voice or a familiar song.
Vision
Our eyes act as sensory organs and detect light waves, which results inthe sense of seeing. The distance from one peak to another, the wavelength, determines the hue we see, while the height, or amplitude, determines the brightness. Our brain then helps us make sense of what the eye takes in and starts to form a recognizable picture of our surroundings.
Touch
The act of feeling is experiencing stimuli through the skin, our largest organ. Overall, the sense of touch is a combination of pressure, temperature, and pain. Our brain will take these various sensations and attach meanings to them to make sense of the different feelings. Pain is our body toàn thân's way of warning us when we are in contact with something harmful.
Gustation
This refers to the sense of taste. Taste, similar to touch, is a combination of various sensations; salty, sweet, sour, bitter, and savory. Taste, like the other senses, was developed as a survival function. Sweet food means energy source (like fruit). Salty usually indicates essential minerals, and sour could mean potentially harmful food. Bitter food might be a warning for potential poisons, and savory can signify protein to repair tissues.
Olfaction
Smell, like taste, is a chemical sense. When we breathe, our nose catches tiny molecules of whatever substance is around us, and they land on receptor cells in our nose. Unlike our other senses, the olfactory neurons are older than the perceiving part of our brain - meaning our perception comes from the olfactory cortex in our nose.
Sensation and Perception in Psychology
Sensation and perception in Psychology are known as psychophysics. Psychophysics studies how the physical elements of stimuli and their psychological counterparts are connected and how they relate to one another when sensing and perceiving. It is often thought that psychophysics was the grandfather of psychology, with many of the first psychologists studying it.
For example, psychophysics looks into how listening to sad music makes you feel or perceive things around you to be sadder. Researchers have even found that you're more likely to perceive an average or neutral object/ image as a gun or weapon when you're angry.
The Gestalt theory is often referred to as what the modern study of perception was built on. The Gestalt theory identifies the five main ways people group stimuli together to make sense of their perceptions. The five ways of grouping are similarity, proximity, continuity, closure, and connectedness.
Sensation and Perception Disorders
To understand sensation and perceptions disorders, first, understand that sensory processing is the process and ability to take in and make sense of sensory stimuli. There are two main ways to process sensory input - bottom-up and top-down.
Bottom-up processing starts the sensory level and works up to higher processing to make sense of the stimuli.
Top-down processing builds perceptions from the sensory input based on experience or expectations.
Sensory processing disorders
Sensory processing disorders are a type of sensation and perception disorder largely impacted by perception. This is an issue in top-down processing. Those with a sensory processing disorder might respond too strongly or not strong enough to sensory stimuli. The critical thing to remember is that a sensory processing disorder is not a problem with the sensing organ but how the brain processes the stimuli.
Sensory organ disorders
This kind of sensory disorder is a malfunction of the sensory organ and causes issues in bottom-up processing. The levels can vary. For example, it is possible to have partial or complete hearing or vision loss. The first can be corrected with hearing aids or glasses. Some rare disorders or illnesses can cause people to no longer feel pain or be able to smell or taste.
Fg. 2 Woman reading braille, pexels.com
Factors affecting our sensation and perception
There are a lot of factors affecting our sensation and perception. The absolute threshold is the least amount of energy stimuli that can be perceived or detected least 50 percent of the time. While the word absolute makes it seem like the 'absolutely' lowest level of detection, we can often detect stimuli below the absolute threshold if we are paying attention. On the other hand, we cannot perceive some stimuli all, while other living creatures can.
The difference threshold is the level of change needed in the stimuli's intensity (less or more) to sense that the level has changed. Sometimes this is also called the just noticeable difference.
Adaptation is another prominent influencer on our sensation and perception. Adaptation results from continuous exposure to a specific stimulus resulting in a lessened or lowered perception of that stimulus. You can notice this during concerts. At first, loud music can startle you, but you become more adapted to the stimuli after time. The loud music becomes less startling and even enjoyable.
Sensation and Perception - Key takeaways
- A sensation is the activation of the sense organs by a source of physical energy or stimuli, and
perceptionis the sorting, interpretation, analysis, and integration of the stimuli by the sense organs and the brain.
- The 5 main senses are audition, vision, touch, gestation, and olfaction.
The Absolute threshold is the smallest amount a sense can be experienced to be perceived or detected no less than half the time and the difference threshold is the amount of change needed in the stimuli's intensity (less or more) to sense that the level has changed.
Adaptation results from continuous exposure to a specific stimulus resulting in a lessened or lowered perception of that stimulus.
References
Feldman, R. S. (2022). Essentials of understanding psychology. McGraw-Hill Education.Myers, D. G. (2014). Myers' psychology for Ap. Worth Publishers.Weseley, A., & McEntarffer, R. (2012). Barron's Ap psychology (5th ed.). Barron's.What is the process of detecting stimuli in the environment called?
Sensation is the process of detecting external stimuli and changing those stimuli into nervous system activity.What is the physical stimulus that audition hearing detects?
Auditory stimuli are sound waves. The sound wave energy reaches the outer ear (pinna, canal, tympanum), and vibrations of the tympanum send the energy to the middle ear. The middle ear bones shift and the stapes transfers mechanical energy to the oval window of the fluid-filled inner ear cochlea.What is the ability to sense pain called?
Nociception is the detection of painful stimuli.When physical stimuli from the world outside of our body toàn thân is translated into a form that our brain can interpret this process is called?
In psychology, sensation is defined as the process of the sensory organs transforming physical energy into neurological impulses the brain interprets as the five senses of vision, smell, taste, touch, and hearing. This process is known as transduction, or the conversion of one form of energy into another. Tải thêm tài liệu liên quan đến nội dung bài viết What is the name of the physical processing of environmental stimuli by the sense organs?
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