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Lê Khánh Vy đang tìm kiếm từ khóa What were the effects of the Equal Pay Act? được Update vào lúc : 2022-09-12 17:20:05 . Với phương châm chia sẻ Kinh Nghiệm Hướng dẫn trong nội dung bài viết một cách Chi Tiết 2022. Nếu sau khi Read tài liệu vẫn ko hiểu thì hoàn toàn có thể lại Comment ở cuối bài để Ad lý giải và hướng dẫn lại nha.When President Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act into law on this day, June 10, in 1963, it seemed like workplace equality was on its way. “It is a first step,” the President said during the signing. “It affirms our determination that when women enter the labor force they will find equality in their pay envelopes.”
Nội dung chính- Purchase a PDFHow does it work?What led up to the Equal Pay Act of 1963?What is the main point of the equal pay bill?What are the pros and cons of equal pay?What would happen if there was equal pay?
The act had been drafted by Esther Peterson, head of the Women’s Bureau of the Department of Labor. It prohibited employers who were subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (under which the new law fell) from paying employees differently, on the basis of gender, for work that required “equal skill, effort, and responsibility.”
In a sadly-prescient feat of mansplaining in 1964, TIME predicted why the law was unlikely to have the desired effect:
In fact, the new U.S. equal–pay law may cost women some of their jobs because—other things being equal—many companies prefer to hire men. Many women prove reluctant to take on heavy responsibility or to boss men on the job. Supervisors complain that they have a higher absenteeism rate than men—6.5 days a year v. five days—partly because men do not have babies. Some labor leaders are also cool to women workers; only 14% of them join unions, and those who do tend to vote down proposed pension plans. Predictably, they do not want the security of pensions, but the joy of more cash to spend immediately.
TIME was right about the law’s impact, if not the cause. When the magazine took stock of the act’s legacy in 1974, the wage gap the time—women earned 60 cents on the dollar—was exactly the same as it was when Kennedy signed the law. “Equal pay for equal work is a familiar slogan of the women’s lib movement,” the story began. “It has also been the law of the land for large companies for a decade, but a law that was little noted nor long remembered.”
The fact was, the law—along with other anti-discrimination laws passed in the intervening years—had not really been put to the test.
In 1974, the Supreme Court decided in Corning Glass Works v. Brennan that the factory in question had broken the law by hiring only men for the higher-paid night shifts, and then women were owed back pay for the money they might have earned in that role. The TIME story cited several other examples of the 1963 law finally creating change: two cases in which AT&T had settled with employees, a steel plant facing a lawsuit, an instance in which Rutgers University was providing back pay to the tune of $375,000.
The pay gap has narrowed since then–women made 78 cents on the dollar as of 2013, according to the White House—but the law’s aim, clearly, remains unreached.
Write to Lily Rothman .
journal article
The Equal Pay Act as an Experiment to Test Theories of the Labour MarketEconomica
New Series, Vol. 63, No. 250 (May, 1996)
, pp. 191-212 (22 pages)
Published By: Wiley
https://doi.org/10.2307/2554759
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2554759
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The UK Equal Pay Act of 1970 resulted in a large rise in the relative earnings of women in the early 1970s. As this change (unlike most wage changes) was largely exogenous to employers, one can think of this episode as an experiment for testing different theories of the labour market. Hence, study of the effects of the Equal Pay Act should be given considerable weight and is likely to have wider implications about the operation of labour markets. Most models of the labour market used by economists assume that employment is demand-determined least after a large positive shock to the wage. These models would predict that female relative employment should have fallen after the introduction of the Equal Pay Act. Yet, it is hard to find evidence of this. This paper argues that female relative employment did not fall because the female labour market is, in part, monopsonistic.
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Economica © 1996 London School of Economics
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What led up to the Equal Pay Act of 1963?
As men began to join the military and women began to take over their civilian jobs, unions started to advocate for equal pay. They felt that this would prevent employers from undercutting future wages for men. In addition, the National War Labor Board endorsed the idea of equal pay for equal work.What is the main point of the equal pay bill?
The Equal Pay Act requires that men and women in the same workplace be given equal pay for equal work. The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. Job content (not job titles) determines whether jobs are substantially equal.What are the pros and cons of equal pay?
Top 10 Equal Pay Pros & Cons – Summary List.What would happen if there was equal pay?
The economic impact of this persistent pay inequality is far-reaching: if women in the United States received equal pay with comparable men, poverty for working women would be reduced by half and the U.S. economy would have added $482 billion (equivalent to 2.8 percent of 2014 GDP) to its economy. Tải thêm tài liệu liên quan đến nội dung bài viết What were the effects of the Equal Pay Act? Equal Pay Act Equal pay Gender pay gap Discrimination law History of feminism Feminist movement
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